Tuesday 6 October 2026
Regulatory · Latest

Authorised to do what?

Visa's rules make a cardholder responsible for an agent's purchase as if they initiated it. PSD2 asks whether they consented. A 2024 CJEU case on human proxies suggests what an issuer will have to prove, and the answer runs through the record of what the agent was told.

By Matt Berryman 6 October 2026 5 min read